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Updated July 28, 2022

A Do Not Resuscitate (DNR) order is used for patients who do not want to be saved if their heart or breathing stops. This is generally the case for individuals with late stages of cancer or other advanced medical issues. The laws for withholding resuscitation are governed by each state and commonly includes a requirement that the patient authorizes the form along with their primary care physician, notary public, or witness(es).

Signing Requirements – Must be authorized by the patient under state law.

By bbin电竞官网官方永久

Table of Contents

What is a Do Not Resuscitate Order?

A do not resuscitate order , also referred to as a “DNR”, is for individuals that are terminally ill and do not want to be brought back to life via CPR, defibrillation, or other related options. This is common when a person is elderly or suffering from a health condition where there is no foreseeable path to a cured condition. To create a do not resuscitate order, in most bbin电竞官网官方永久s, the patient will need to have the form signed between themselves, their physician, and witnesses (if required).

How to Get a Do Not Resuscitate Order

Step 1 – Speak with a Physician

patient speaking with doctor about dnr order

A Do-Not-Resuscitate Order (DNR) is a medical directive to doctors and other first responders instructing them to withhold CPR treatment should a patient’s breathing or heart stop. Also called a “no code” or “allow natural death” order, the DNR is completed in conjunction with a physician, whose signature is required to implement it. The form may be completed in the hospital or elsewhere, but should be filed with other medical records so that all caregivers are made aware of this intention.

Since filing a DNR is literally a matter of life and death, the document affirms that the patient is of “sound mind” – that the decision to refuse CPR has been made by the patient voluntarily and with a clear understanding of its implications.

Step 2 – Decide on Future Medical Treatment

patient laying in bed

Contrary to common misconception, the DNR is not a blanket declaration covering all medical interventions. It relates only to cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Other modes of treatment, including the provision of drugs and chemotherapy, testing, and the vast array of supports in the modern medical arsenal are generally excluded.

A DNR should be part of a more comprehensive plan for medical care. Patients generally have the right to choose which treatments to accept and should be at the wheel in steering their own treatment process – but things can get more complicated if the patient is incapacitated or is otherwise unable to communicate with medical staff or family members. The best course is to formalize these more comprehensive care directives in a “living will” or “advanced directive.” See below for more information.

Step 3 – Download, Complete, and Sign

patient receiving information about dnr from two doctors

The Do-Not-Resuscitate form should be printed and signed by hand by both doctor and patient in the presence of two witnesses. These witnesses serve to validate the signatures of the doctor and patient – but also to verify that the patient was of sound mind and acting voluntarily when the document was signed ( View bbin电竞官网官方永久 Signing Requirements )

Both patient and doctor should retain copies of the DNR.

Step 4 – Store the Form in a Safe Place

closeup of signed dnr order in blue binder

While a DNR should ensure that a patient is not given CPR in a hospital setting, it may not alter the course of treatment at home. To help ensure that the Do-Not-Resuscitate intention is conveyed, patients are often given a bracelet or other identifying article that would be visible to first responders and others in an emergency, non-hospital settings.

Reasons to Have a Do Not Resuscitate Order

While modern medicine continues its impressive advance, patients still find themselves in difficult, even terminal situations. Those who opt for DNR’s have often been suffering from the following:

  • Long-term illness;
  • Prolonged pain;
  • Elderly;
  • Terminally ill;
  • Dementia; or
  • Alzheimer’s Disease.

Living Will vs. Do Not Resuscitate Order

A  living will restricts a patient’s right to food, water, and assisted breathing in a terminally ill state and a  do not resuscitate order  restricts a patent’s right to immediate life-saving methods such as CPR.

How to Revoke a Do Not Resuscitate Order

To revoke a DNR, speak with your doctor. In addition, you should destroy any documentation that asserts the DNR, including bracelets, wallet cards, or other indicators that might be found by emergency personnel.

bbin电竞官网官方永久 Laws and Signing Requirements

A do not resuscitate order is required to be authorized in accordance with bbin电竞官网官方永久 law.

bbin电竞官网官方永久

Signing Requirements

Laws

Alabama Patient and Physician § 420-5-19-.02
Alaska Patient and Physician AS 13.52.150
Arizona Patient, Physician and a Witness § 36-3251
Arkansas Patient and Physician § 20-13
California Patient and Physician PROB § 4780
Colorado Patient and Physician § 15-18.6-102
Connecticut Patient and Physician § 19a-580d
Delaware Patient and Physician § 2509A
Florida Patient and Physician FAC 64J-2.018
Georgia Physician § 31-39-(2-9)
Hawaii Patient and Physician § 327K-2
Idaho Patient and Physician § 39-4514
Illinois Patient, Physician and a Witness 755 ILCS 40/65
Indiana Patient, Physician and 2 Witnesses § 16-36-5
Iowa Physician § 144A.7A
Kansas Patient, Physician and a Witness § 65-4943
Kentucky Patient and Either Two Witnesses or a Notary Public § 311.623
Louisiana Patient and Physician § 40:1155.3
Maine Patient and Physician § 93-A.1(b)
Maryland Physician § 5-608.1
Massachusetts Patient and Physician None
Michigan Patient, Physician and Two Witnesses § 333.1053
Minnesota Patient and Physician Chapter 145C
Mississippi Patient and Physician § 41-41-302
Missouri Patient and Physician § 190.603
Montana Patient and Physician § 37:10
Nebraska Patient, Physician and a Witness for DNR; Patient and Either Two Witnesses or a Notary Public for Declaration § 20-404
Nevada Patient and Physician § 450B.520
New Hampshire Patient and Physician § 137-J:26
New Jersey Patient and Physician N.J.A.C. 10:48B
New Mexico Patient and Physician § 7.27.6.8
New York Patient and Physician Senate Bill S7883
North Carolina Patient and Physician for MOST; Patient, Two Witnesses and Notary Public for Declaration § 90-321 & § 90-322
North Dakota Patient and Physician for POLST § 23-06.5
Ohio Physician §   3701-62
Oklahoma Patient, Physician and Two Witnesses § 63-3131.5
Oregon Physician for POLST § 847-035-0030(6)  &  § 847-010-0110
Pennsylvania Patient and Physician § 5481 – § 5488
Rhode Island Patient and Physician R23-4.11-MOLST
South Carolina Patient and Physician § 44-78-10 – § 44-78-65
South Dakota Patient and Physician ARSD 44:05:06  &  SDCL 34-12F
Tennessee Patient and Physician for POST § 68-11-224
Texas Patient, Physician and Either Two Witnesses or 2nd Physician § 157.25  &  Chapter 166
Utah Patient and Physician (2nd Physician Required for Minors) R432-31
Vermont Patient (if able to sign) and Physician § 9708  &  § 9709
Virginia Patient and Physician § 54.1-2987.1
Washington Patient and Physician for POLST § 43.70.480  &  § 70.245
West Virginia Patient and Physician for POST § 16-30C
Wisconsin Patient and Physician § 154.17 – § 154.29
Wyoming Patient and Physician § 35-22-501 – 35-22-509

How to Write a Do Not Resuscitate Order

Download : Adobe PDF , Microsoft Word (.docx) or Open Document Text (.odt)

 

1 – The Paperwork Required To Issue A DNR Should Be Obtained On This Page

You can access this document directly by clicking the “PDF” button (or link) above. If you wish to use a word processing program, then you may also select the “Word” or “ODT” buttons or links. Keep in mind that you should download the file that is most compatible with the environment in your computer so that you can edit information on screen when preferred. You may print this document using your browser to open the PDF version. Regardless whether you fill in the information requested onscreen or manually, this paperwork must be printed and signed by several parties so that it may be taken seriously.

2 – Introduce The Patient And The bbin电竞官网官方永久 Where He Or She Lives

Once you are ready to fill out this form, fill in the full and legal name of the Patient this order concerns on the blank line in the title (following the word “…For”). Locate the first blank line in the introduction then, fill in the state where the Patient lives and this order is governed.

 

3 – It Is Required The Patient Make His Or Her Wishes Known

The first item, titled “I. Patient Request,” must have the full name of the Patient provided to the blank line preceding the term “…The Undersigned Patient…” Make sure this name is presented exactly as it appears in the title. When it is time for the signing, the Patient must sign his or her name on the “Signature Of Patient” line and document the current calendar date on the “Date” line. These actions should only take place before the Signature Witnesses and the Notary Public overseeing this signing.

 

4 – The Status And Preferences Must Be Acknowledged And Officially Supported

The hospital, medical facility, or health care institution charged with the patient’s care must indicate its receipt and understanding of the Patient’s directives. The first blank line in “II. Advance Directive/Living Will” requires the full name of this institution’s Authorized Representative. The legal name of the hospital or medical facility will need to be documented on the second blank line in this section. The Authorized Representative must sign the line labeled “Signature Of Representative” in this section before the Witnesses and Notary Public. Additionally, he or she must supply the signature date on the adjacent blank space.

 

5 – A Formal Declaration Must Be Made By The Attorney-in-Fact

The Patient’s Directives will, in most cases, name a specific entity with the power to make decisions regarding the Patient’s medical treatment or care when he or she has been rendered incommunicative. This party’s participation will be required in “III. Medical Power Of Attorney – Agent/Attorney-in-Fact Consent.” First, his or her name should be input to the first blank line in this section. Note: The Attorney-in-Fact’s name must be reported precisely as it was recorded in power document. The next blank line, “Signature Of Agent/Attorney-in-Fact,” must be signed by the Agent named above. He or she must supply this signature before the two Signature Witnesses and Notary Public arranged for this signing. Once he or she is done signing this area, the Attorney-in-Fact must immediately enter the current date on the adjacent line.

 

6 – The Health Care Surrogate Will Need To Prove His Or Her Intent

The next entity that must participate in this document’s execution is the elected Health Care Surrogate. Locate the blank line before the words “…The Surrogate Certified To  Make Decisions” in the section titled “IV. Surrogate Consent,” then enter his or her name on this line. 

The Health Care Surrogate is required to sign his or her name in acknowledgment of the above statement in the presence of the two Witnesses and Public Notary viewing this execution. In addition, he or she must use the “Date” line to report the signature date.

 

7 – A Physician’s bbin电竞官网官方永久ment Of Official Instruction Requires Attention

In “V. Physician’s Authorization,” the language required to provide the Patient desired Physician directives has been supplied. This section, as well as all others, should be reviewed carefully by every signature party before the signing of this paperwork. The Physician must sign and print his or her name on the blank lines labeled “Signature Of Physician” and “Print Name” (respectively) then record the current date on the space labeled “Date” to formally issue these orders. 

 

8 – The Validity Of This Execution Is Dependent Upon Its Verification As True

Once all the sections above have been satisfied with information and signed by the required parties, this paperwork should be surrendered to the two Witnesses who have physically observed each of the Signature Parties above sign their names. Two separate signature areas for Witnesses have been included in the “VI. Witness(es) And/Or Notary Public” section so that each Witness will have his or her own area to work with. Keep in mind, that different states will have different requirements on who can serve as a Witness and how many are required for this paperwork. It is recommended that you are fully abreast of such requirements in your local government before issuing this document. If more room is required, you may either use an editing program to copy and paste one of these signature areas for additional Witnesses or simply provide an attachment. Make sure to refer to each additional Witness sequentially (i.e. Witness #1, Witness #2, Witness #3, etc.).

Each Witness must select a Witness bbin电竞官网官方永久ment, read the paragraph provided, then sign the “Signature Of Witness…” line, print his or her name on the line below it, and supply his or her signature date on the adjacent line. After each Witness has supplied the items above, this document should be turned over to the Notary Public who will then verify the signature parties present, the date, and the location through the process of notarization.